Referenzen zur Bakterienliste im Anhang

Aufgeführte Literatur stammt schwerpunktmässig aus den letzten vier bis fünf Jahren. Es besteht kein Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Es werden Fallberichte, klinische Studien, Reviews und teilweise Laborstudien genannt.

BakterienspeziesLiteratur
Achromobacter spp.
A. xylosoxidans
— Hoyle N, Zhvaniya P, Balarjishvili N, et al. Phage therapy against Achromobacter xylosoxidans lung infection in a patient with cystic fibrosis: a case report. Res Microbiol. 2018;169(9):540-542. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2018.05.001
— Duplessis C, Stockelman MG, Hamilton T, Merril GL et al. A Case Series of Emergency Investigational New Drug Applications for Bacteriophages Treating Recalcitrant Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Infections: Confirmed Safety and a Signal of Efficacy. J. Intensive Crit. Care. 2019;5:11
— Lebeaux D, Merabishvili M, Caudron E, et al. A Case of Phage Therapy against Pandrug-Resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a 12-Year-Old Lung-Transplanted Cystic Fibrosis Patient. Viruses. 2021;13(1):60. Published 2021 Jan 5. doi:10.3390/v13010060
Acinetobacter baumannii— Schooley RT, Biswas B, Gill JJ, et al. Development and Use of Personalized Bacteriophage-Based Therapeutic Cocktails To Treat a Patient with a Disseminated Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection [published correction appears in Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Nov 26;62(12):]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017;61(10):e00954-17. Published 2017 Sep 22. doi:10.1128/AAC.00954-17
— LaVergne S, Hamilton T, Biswas B, Kumaraswamy M, Schooley RT, Wooten D. Phage Therapy for a Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumanniiCraniectomy Site Infection. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018;5(4):ofy064. Published 2018 Mar 23. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofy064
— Nir-Paz R, Gelman D, Khouri A, et al. Successful Treatment of Antibiotic-resistant, Poly-microbial Bone Infection With Bacteriophages and Antibiotics Combination. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(11):2015-2018. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz222
— Styles KM, Thummeepak R, Leungtongkam U, et al. Investigating Bacteriophages Targeting the Opportunistic Pathogen Acinetobacter baumanniiAntibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(4):200. Published 2020 Apr 22. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9040200
— Leungtongkam U, Thummeepak R, Kitti T, et al. Genomic analysis reveals high virulence and antibiotic resistance amongst phage susceptible Acinetobacter baumanniiSci Rep. 2020;10(1):16154. Published 2020 Sep 30. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73123-y
— Wu N, Dai J, Guo M, et al. Pre-optimized phage therapy on secondary Acinetobacter baumannii infection in four critical COVID-19 patients. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021;10(1):612-618. doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.1902754
— Tan X, Chen H, Zhang M, et al. Clinical Experience of Personalized Phage Therapy Against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Lung Infection in a Patient With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:631585. Published 2021 Feb 26. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.631585
— Rao S, Betancourt-Garcia M, Kare-Opaneye YO, et al. Critically Ill Patient with Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Respiratory Infection Successfully Treated with Intravenous and Nebulized Bacteriophage Therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022;66(1):e0082421. doi:10.1128/AAC.00824-21
— Wintachai P, Surachat K, Singkhamanan K. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel AutographiviridaePhage and Its Combined Effect with Tigecycline in Controlling Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-Associated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Viruses. 2022;14(2):194. Published 2022 Jan 20. doi:10.3390/v14020194
— Wintachai P, Phaonakrop N, Roytrakul S, et al. Enhanced antibacterial effect of a novel Friunavirus phage vWU2001 in combination with colistin against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanniiSci Rep. 2022;12(1):2633. Published 2022 Feb 16. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06582-0
Bacillus anthracis— Filippov AA, Sergueev KV, Nikolich MP (2013) Bacteriophages against Biothreat Bacteria: Diagnostic, Environmental and Therapeutic Applications. J Bioterr Biodef. S3:010. doi:10.4172/2157-2526.S3-010
— Kolton CB, Podnecky NL, Shadomy SV, Gee JE, Hoffmaster AR. Bacillus anthracis gamma phage lysis among soil bacteria: an update on test specificity. BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(1):598. Published 2017 Nov 16. doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2919-8
Bacteroides spp.
B. fragilis
— Guerin E, Shkoporov AN, Stockdale SR, et al. Isolation and characterisation of ΦcrAss002, a crAss-like phage from the human gut that infects Bacteroides xylanisolvensMicrobiome. 2021;9(1):89. Published 2021 Apr 12. doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01036-7
Borellia burgdorferileicester.figshare.com/articles/thesis/Isolation_And_Characterisation_Of_Bacteriophages_Infecting_Borrelia_Burgdorferi_Sensu_Lato/13322786/1 – abgerufen am 21.8.2022
Brucella spp.— Filippov AA, Sergueev KV, Nikolich MP (2013) Bacteriophages against Biothreat Bacteria: Diagnostic, Environmental and Therapeutic Applications. J Bioterr Biodef. S3:010. doi:10.4172/2157-2526.S3-010
Burkholderia cepacia complex
B. dolosa
B. gladioli
B: pseudomallei
— Aslam S, Courtwright AM, Koval C, et al. Early clinical experience of bacteriophage therapy in 3 lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2019;19(9):2631-2639. doi:10.1111/ajt.15503
— Duplessis C, Stockelman MG, Hamilton T, Merril GL et al. A Case Series of Emergency Investigational New Drug Applications for Bacteriophages Treating Recalcitrant Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Infections: Confirmed Safety and a Signal of Efficacy. J. Intensive Crit. Care. 2019;5:11
— Aslam S. Bacteriophage therapy as a treatment option for transplant infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2020;33(4):298-303. doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000658
Campylobacter spp.— Tsonos J, Vandenheuvel D, Briers Y, De Greve H, Hernalsteens JP, Lavigne R. Hurdles in bacteriophage therapy: deconstructing the parameters. Vet Microbiol. 2014;171(3-4):460-469. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.11.001
— Ly-Chatain MH. The factors affecting effectiveness of treatment in phages therapy. Front Microbiol. 2014;5:51. Published 2014 Feb 18. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00051
— Pirnay JP, Ferry T, Resch G. Recent progress toward the implementation of phage therapy in Western medicine. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2022;46(1):fuab040. doi:10.1093/femsre/fuab040
Citrobacter spp.— Patey O, McCallin S, Mazure H, Liddle M, Smithyman A, Dublanchet A. Clinical Indications and Compassionate Use of Phage Therapy: Personal Experience and Literature Review with a Focus on Osteoarticular Infections. Viruses. 2018;11(1):18. Published 2018 Dec 28. doi:10.3390/v11010018
— Pires DP, Melo LDR, Azeredo J. Understanding the Complex Phage-Host Interactions in Biofilm Communities. Annu Rev Virol. 2021;8(1):73-94. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-091919-074222
— Manohar P, Madurantakam Royam M, Loh B, Bozdogan B, Nachimuthu R, Leptihn S. Synergistic Effects of Phage-Antibiotic Combinations against Citrobacter amalonaticusACS Infect Dis. 2022;8(1):59-65. doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00117
Clostridioides difficile— Nale JY, Redgwell TA, Millard A, Clokie MRJ. Efficacy of an Optimised Bacteriophage Cocktail to Clear Clostridium difficile in a Batch Fermentation Model. Antibiotics (Basel). 2018;7(1):13. Published 2018 Feb 13. doi:10.3390/antibiotics7010013
— Nale JY, Chutia M, Cheng JKJ, Clokie MRJ. Refining the Galleria mellonella Model by Using Stress Marker Genes to Assess Clostridioides difficile Infection and Recuperation during Phage Therapy. Microorganisms. 2020;8(9):1306. Published 2020 Aug 27. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8091306
Cutibacterium acnes— Castillo DE, Nanda S, Keri JE. Propionibacterium (Cutibacterium) acnes Bacteriophage Therapy in Acne: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2019;9(1):19-31. doi:10.1007/s13555-018-0275-9
— Rimon A, Rakov C, Lerer V, Sheffer-Levi S et al. Towards phage therapy for acne vulgaris: Topical application in a mouse model
bioRxiv 2022.02.19.481124; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.19.481124
Enterobacter spp.— McCallin S, Sacher JC, Zheng J, Chan BK. Current State of Compassionate Phage Therapy. Viruses. 2019;11(4):343. Published 2019 Apr 12. doi:10.3390/v11040343
— Terwilliger AL, Gu Liu C, Green SI, et al. Tailored Antibacterials and Innovative Laboratories for Phage (Φ) Research: Personalized Infectious Disease Medicine for the Most Vulnerable At-Risk Patients. Phage (New Rochelle). 2020;1(2):66-74. doi:10.1089/phage.2020.0007
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
— Xiang Y, Ma C, Yin S, et al. Phage therapy for refractory periapical periodontitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in vivo. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;106(5-6):2121-2131. doi:10.1007/s00253-022-11810-8
Enterococcus spp.
E. faecalis
E. faecium
— Letkiewicz S, Miedzybrodzki R, Fortuna W, Weber-Dabrowska B, Górski A. Eradication of Enterococcus faecalis by phage therapy in chronic bacterial prostatitis–case report. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2009;54(5):457-461. doi:10.1007/s12223-009-0064-z
— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
— Onsea J, Soentjens P, Djebara S, et al. Bacteriophage Application for Difficult-to-treat Musculoskeletal Infections: Development of a Standardized Multidisciplinary Treatment Protocol. Viruses. 2019;11(10):891. Published 2019 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/v11100891
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
— Neuts AS, Berkhout HJ, Hartog A, Goosen JHM. Bacteriophage therapy cures a recurrent Enterococcus faecalis infected total hip arthroplasty? A case report. Acta Orthop. 2021;92(6):678-680. doi:10.1080/17453674.2021.1968714
— Paul K, Merabishvili M, Hazan R, et al. Bacteriophage Rescue Therapy of a Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faeciumInfection in a One-Year-Old Child following a Third Liver Transplantation. Viruses. 2021;13(9):1785. Published 2021 Sep 7. doi:10.3390/v13091785
— Johri AV, Johri P, Hoyle N, Pipia L, Nadareishvili L, Nizharadze D. Case Report: Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Treated With Phage Therapy After Multiple Failed Antibiotic Treatments. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:692614. Published 2021 Jun 10. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.692614
— Letkiewicz S, Łusiak-Szelachowska M, Międzybrodzki R, Żaczek M, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Górski A. Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10(6):627. Published 2021 May 25. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10060627
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
Escherichia coli— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
— Patey O, McCallin S, Mazure H, Liddle M, Smithyman A, Dublanchet A. Clinical Indications and Compassionate Use of Phage Therapy: Personal Experience and Literature Review with a Focus on Osteoarticular Infections. Viruses. 2018;11(1):18. Published 2018 Dec 28. doi:10.3390/v11010018
— Rubalskii E, Ruemke S, Salmoukas C, et al. Bacteriophage Therapy for Critical Infections Related to Cardiothoracic Surgery. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(5):232. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050232
— Aslam S, Lampley E, Wooten D, et al. Lessons Learned From the First 10 Consecutive Cases of Intravenous Bacteriophage Therapy to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections at a Single Center in the United States. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(9):ofaa389. Published 2020 Aug 27. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa389
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
— Terwilliger A, Clark J, Karris M, et al. Phage Therapy Related Microbial Succession Associated with Successful Clinical Outcome for a Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection. Viruses. 2021;13(10):2049. Published 2021 Oct 12. doi:10.3390/v13102049
— Letkiewicz S, Łusiak-Szelachowska M, Międzybrodzki R, Żaczek M, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Górski A. Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10(6):627. Published 2021 May 25. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10060627
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
Gardnerella— Landlinger C, Tisakova L, Oberbauer V, et al. Engineered Phage Endolysin Eliminates Gardnerella Biofilm without Damaging Beneficial Bacteria in Bacterial Vaginosis Ex Vivo. Pathogens. 2021;10(1):54. Published 2021 Jan 8. doi:10.3390/pathogens10010054
Helicobacter pylori— Cuomo P, Papaianni M, Fulgione A, Guerra F, Capparelli R, Medaglia C. An Innovative Approach to Control H. pylori-Induced Persistent Inflammation and Colonization. Microorganisms. 2020;8(8):1214. Published 2020 Aug 10. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8081214
— Ferreira, R, Sousa C, Presa E, Pires DP et al. Helicobacter pylori prophages: screening, detection, induction and potential therapeutic use. Microbiotec 21 – Congress of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Abstracts Book). No. O.432, UNL Online, 2021:205-206 repositorium.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/74947/1/document_55068_1.pdf – abgerufen am 21.8.2022
Klebsiella spp.
K. pneumoniae
K. aerogenes
K. ozaenae
K. rhinoscleromatis
— Nir-Paz R, Gelman D, Khouri A, et al. Successful Treatment of Antibiotic-resistant, Poly-microbial Bone Infection With Bacteriophages and Antibiotics Combination. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(11):2015-2018. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz222
— Kuipers S, Ruth MM, Mientjes M, de Sévaux RGL, van Ingen J. A Dutch Case Report of Successful Treatment of Chronic Relapsing Urinary Tract Infection with Bacteriophages in a Renal Transplant Patient. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019;64(1):e01281-19. Published 2019 Dec 20. doi:10.1128/AAC.01281-19
— Khatami A, Lin R, Petrovic-Fabijan A, Alkalay-Oren S et al. Therapeutic monitoring of the host-bacterium- phage interaction in a child. Preprint. 2020. doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-110673/v1
— Terwilliger AL, Gu Liu C, Green SI, et al. Tailored Antibacterials and Innovative Laboratories for Phage (Φ) Research: Personalized Infectious Disease Medicine for the Most Vulnerable At-Risk Patients. Phage (New Rochelle). 2020;1(2):66-74. doi:10.1089/phage.2020.0007
— Bao J, Wu N, Zeng Y, et al. Non-active antibiotic and bacteriophage synergism to successfully treat recurrent urinary tract infection caused by extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniaeEmerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):771-774. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1747950
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
— Corbellino M, Kieffer N, Kutateladze M, et al. Eradication of a Multidrug-Resistant, Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate Following Oral and Intra-rectal Therapy With a Custom Made, Lytic Bacteriophage Preparation. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;70(9):1998-2001. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz782
— Rubalskii E, Ruemke S, Salmoukas C, et al. Bacteriophage Therapy for Critical Infections Related to Cardiothoracic Surgery. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(5):232. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050232
— Aslam S, Lampley E, Wooten D, et al. Lessons Learned From the First 10 Consecutive Cases of Intravenous Bacteriophage Therapy to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections at a Single Center in the United States. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(9):ofaa389. Published 2020 Aug 27. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa389
— Cano EJ, Caflisch KM, Bollyky PL, et al. Phage Therapy for Limb-threatening Prosthetic Knee Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection: Case Report and In Vitro Characterization of Anti-biofilm Activity. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(1):e144-e151. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa705
— Qin J, Wu N, Bao J, et al. Heterogeneous Klebsiella pneumoniae Co-infections Complicate Personalized Bacteriophage Therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;10:608402. Published 2021 Jan 25. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.608402
— Letkiewicz S, Łusiak-Szelachowska M, Międzybrodzki R, Żaczek M, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Górski A. Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10(6):627. Published 2021 May 25. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10060627
— Rostkowska OM, Międzybrodzki R, Miszewska-Szyszkowska D, Górski A, Durlik M. Treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in a 60-year-old kidney transplant recipient. The use of phage therapy. Transpl Infect Dis. 2021;23(1):e13391. doi:10.1111/tid.13391
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
— Zaldastanishvili E, Leshkasheli L, Dadiani M, et al. Phage Therapy Experience at the Eliava Phage Therapy Center: Three Cases of Bacterial Persistence. Viruses. 2021;13(10):1901. Published 2021 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/v13101901
— Eskenazi A, Lood C, Wubbolts J, et al. Combination of pre-adapted bacteriophage therapy and antibiotics for treatment of fracture-related infection due to pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniaeNat Commun. 2022;13(1):302. Published 2022 Jan 18. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27656-z
Listeria monocytogenes— Jakobsen RR, Trinh JT, Bomholtz L, Brok-Lauridsen SK, Sulakvelidze A, Nielsen DS. A Bacteriophage Cocktail Significantly Reduces Listeria monocytogenes without Deleterious Impact on the Commensal Gut Microbiota under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions. Viruses. 2022;14(2):190. Published 2022 Jan 19. doi:10.3390/v14020190
Morganella morganii— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
Mycobacterium abscessus
M. paratuberculosis
M. tuberculosis
M. smegmatis
— Dedrick RM, Guerrero-Bustamante CA, Garlena RA, et al. Engineered bacteriophages for treatment of a patient with a disseminated drug-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus. Nat Med. 2019;25(5):730-733. doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0437-z
Dedrick RM, Freeman KG, Nguyen JA, et al. Potent antibody-mediated neutralization limits bacteriophage treatment of a pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus infection. Nat Med. 2021;27(8):1357-1361. doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01403-9
Pasteurella multocida— Chen Y, Guo G, Sun E, et al. Isolation of a T7-Like Lytic Pasteurella Bacteriophage vB_PmuP_PHB01 and Its Potential Use in Therapy against Pasteurella multocida Infections. Viruses. 2019;11(1):86. Published 2019 Jan 21. doi:10.3390/v11010086
Proteus mirabilis— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
Patey O, McCallin S, Mazure H, Liddle M, Smithyman A, Dublanchet A. Clinical Indications and Compassionate Use of Phage Therapy: Personal Experience and Literature Review with a Focus on Osteoarticular Infections. Viruses. 2018;11(1):18. Published 2018 Dec 28. doi:10.3390/v11010018
— McCallin S, Sacher JC, Zheng J, Chan BK. Current State of Compassionate Phage Therapy. Viruses. 2019;11(4):343. Published 2019 Apr 12. doi:10.3390/v11040343
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
Pseudomonas aeruginosa— Wright A, Hawkins CH, Anggård EE, Harper DR. A controlled clinical trial of a therapeutic bacteriophage preparation in chronic otitis due to antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a preliminary report of efficacy. Clin Otolaryngol. 2009;34(4):349-357. doi:10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.01973.x
— Khawaldeh A, Morales S, Dillon B, et al. Bacteriophage therapy for refractory Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection. J Med Microbiol. 2011;60(Pt 11):1697-1700. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.029744-0
— Jennes S, Merabishvili M, Soentjens P, et al. Use of bacteriophages in the treatment of colistin-only-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicaemia in a patient with acute kidney injury-a case report. Crit Care. 2017;21(1):129. Published 2017 Jun 4. doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1709-y
— Chan BK, Turner PE, Kim S, Mojibian HR, Elefteriades JA, Narayan D. Phage treatment of an aortic graft infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosaEvol Med Public Health. 2018;2018(1):60-66. Published 2018 Mar 8. doi:10.1093/emph/eoy005
— Duplessis C, Biswas B, Hanisch B, et al. Refractory Pseudomonas Bacteremia in a 2-Year-Old Sterilized by Bacteriophage Therapy. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2018;7(3):253-256. doi:10.1093/jpids/pix056
— Patey O, McCallin S, Mazure H, Liddle M, Smithyman A, Dublanchet A. Clinical Indications and Compassionate Use of Phage Therapy: Personal Experience and Literature Review with a Focus on Osteoarticular Infections. Viruses. 2018;11(1):18. Published 2018 Dec 28. doi:10.3390/v11010018
— Ferry T, Boucher F, Fevre C, et al. Innovations for the treatment of a complex bone and joint infection due to XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa including local application of a selected cocktail of bacteriophages. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018;73(10):2901-2903. doi:10.1093/jac/dky263
— Law N, Logan C, Yung G, et al. Successful adjunctive use of bacteriophage therapy for treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a cystic fibrosis patient. Infection. 2019;47(4):665-668. doi:10.1007/s15010-019-01319-0
— Onsea J, Soentjens P, Djebara S, et al. Bacteriophage Application for Difficult-to-treat Musculoskeletal Infections: Development of a Standardized Multidisciplinary Treatment Protocol. Viruses. 2019;11(10):891. Published 2019 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/v11100891
— Maddocks S, Fabijan AP, Ho J, et al. Bacteriophage Therapy of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and Empyema Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosaAm J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200(9):1179-1181. doi:10.1164/rccm.201904-0839LE
— Tkhilaishvili T, Winkler T, Müller M, Perka C, Trampuz A. Bacteriophages as Adjuvant to Antibiotics for the Treatment of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaAntimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019;64(1):e00924-19. Published 2019 Dec 20. doi:10.1128/AAC.00924-19
— Jault P, Leclerc T, Jennes S, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a cocktail of bacteriophages to treat burn wounds infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PhagoBurn): a randomised, controlled, double-blind phase 1/2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):35-45. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30482-1
— Aslam S, Courtwright AM, Koval C, et al. Early clinical experience of bacteriophage therapy in 3 lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2019;19(9):2631-2639. doi:10.1111/ajt.15503
— Rubalskii E, Ruemke S, Salmoukas C, et al. Bacteriophage Therapy for Critical Infections Related to Cardiothoracic Surgery. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(5):232. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050232
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
— Aslam S, Lampley E, Wooten D, et al. Lessons Learned From the First 10 Consecutive Cases of Intravenous Bacteriophage Therapy to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections at a Single Center in the United States. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(9):ofaa389. Published 2020 Aug 27. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa389
— Zaldastanishvili E, Leshkasheli L, Dadiani M, et al. Phage Therapy Experience at the Eliava Phage Therapy Center: Three Cases of Bacterial Persistence. Viruses. 2021;13(10):1901. Published 2021 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/v13101901
— Ferry T, Kolenda C, Batailler C, et al. Case Report: Arthroscopic «Debridement Antibiotics and Implant Retention» With Local Injection of Personalized Phage Therapy to Salvage a Relapsing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Prosthetic Knee Infection. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:569159. Published 2021 May 5. doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.569159
— Letkiewicz S, Łusiak-Szelachowska M, Międzybrodzki R, Żaczek M, Weber-Dąbrowska B, Górski A. Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10(6):627. Published 2021 May 25. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10060627
— Khatami A, Lin RCY, Petrovic-Fabijan A, et al. Bacterial lysis, autophagy and innate immune responses during adjunctive phage therapy in a child. EMBO Mol Med. 2021;13(9):e13936. doi:10.15252/emmm.202113936
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
— Ferry T, Kolenda C, Laurent F, et al. Personalized bacteriophage therapy to treat pandrug-resistant spinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):4239. Published 2022 Jul 22. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31837-9
S. enteritidis/ typhimurium
S. typhi
S. paratyphi
— Zschach H, Joensen KG, Lindhard B, et al. What Can We Learn from a Metagenomic Analysis of a Georgian Bacteriophage Cocktail?. Viruses. 2015;7(12):6570-6589. Published 2015 Dec 12. doi:10.3390/v7122958
— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
— Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
Serratia marcescens— Luong T, Salabarria AC, Edwards RA, Roach DR. Standardized bacteriophage purification for personalized phage therapy. Nat Protoc. 2020;15(9):2867-2890. doi:10.1038/s41596-020-0346-0
Shigella spp.— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
Staphylococcus aureus
S. pseudintermedius
S. haemolyticus
S. epidermis
— Fadlallah A, Chelala E, Legeais JM. Corneal Infection Therapy with Topical Bacteriophage Administration. Open Ophthalmol J. 2015;9:167-168. Published 2015 Nov 4. doi:10.2174/1874364101509010167
— Chanishvili N. Bacteriophages as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Means: Summary of the Soviet and Post Soviet Experiences. Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):309-323. doi:10.2174/156720181303160520193946
— Fish R, Kutter E, Wheat G, et al. Bacteriophage treatment of intransigent diabetic toe ulcers: A case series. J. Wound Care 2016;25(Sup7):S27–S33. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2016.25.7.S27
— Zhvania P, Hoyle NS, Nadareishvili L, Nizharadze D, Kutateladze M. Phage Therapy in a 16-Year-Old Boy with Netherton Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne). 2017;4:94. Published 2017 Jul 3. doi:10.3389/fmed.2017.00094
— Fish R, Kutter E, Bryan D, Wheat G, Kuhl S. Resolving Digital Staphylococcal Osteomyelitis Using Bacteriophage-A Case Report. Antibiotics (Basel). 2018;7(4):87. Published 2018 Oct 2. doi:10.3390/antibiotics7040087
— Patey O, McCallin S, Mazure H, Liddle M, Smithyman A, Dublanchet A. Clinical Indications and Compassionate Use of Phage Therapy: Personal Experience and Literature Review with a Focus on Osteoarticular Infections. Viruses. 2018;11(1):18. Published 2018 Dec 28. doi:10.3390/v11010018
— Onsea J, Soentjens P, Djebara S, et al. Bacteriophage Application for Difficult-to-treat Musculoskeletal Infections: Development of a Standardized Multidisciplinary Treatment Protocol. Viruses. 2019;11(10):891. Published 2019 Sep 23. doi:10.3390/v11100891
— Gilbey T, Ho J, Cooley LA, Petrovic Fabijan A, Iredell JR. Adjunctive bacteriophage therapy for prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. Med J Aust. 2019;211(3):142-143.e1. doi:10.5694/mja2.50274
— Aslam S, Pretorius V, Lehman SM, Morales S, Schooley RT. Novel bacteriophage therapy for treatment of left ventricular assist device infection. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019;38(4):475-476. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.001
— Doub JB, Ng VY, Johnson AJ, et al. Salvage Bacteriophage Therapy for a Chronic MRSA Prosthetic Joint Infection. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(5):241. Published 2020 May 9. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050241
— Rubalskii E, Ruemke S, Salmoukas C, et al. Bacteriophage Therapy for Critical Infections Related to Cardiothoracic Surgery. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(5):232. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050232
— Mulzer J, Trampuz A, Potapov EV. Treatment of chronic left ventricular assist device infection with local application of bacteriophages. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020;57(5):1003-1004. doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezz295
— Exarchos V, Tkhilaishvili T, Potapov E, Starck C, Trampuz A, Schoenrath F. Successful bacteriophage treatment of infection involving cardiac implantable electronic device and aortic graft: a Trojan horse concept. Europace. 2020;22(4):597. doi:10.1093/europace/euz319
— Ferry T, Batailler C, Petitjean C, et al. The Potential Innovative Use of Bacteriophages Within the DAC® Hydrogel to Treat Patients With Knee Megaprosthesis Infection Requiring «Debridement Antibiotics and Implant Retention» and Soft Tissue Coverage as Salvage Therapy. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:342. Published 2020 Jul 31. doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00342
— Petrovic Fabijan A, Lin RCY, Ho J, et al. Safety of bacteriophage therapy in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection [published correction appears in Nat Microbiol. 2020 Apr;5(4):652]. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5(3):465-472. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0634-z
— Aslam S, Lampley E, Wooten D, et al. Lessons Learned From the First 10 Consecutive Cases of Intravenous Bacteriophage Therapy to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections at a Single Center in the United States. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(9):ofaa389. Published 2020 Aug 27. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa389
— Bleibtreu A, Fevre C, Robert J, et al. Combining bacteriophages and dalbavancin for salvage therapy of complex Staphylococcus aureus extradural empyema. Med Mal Infect. 2020;50(5):458-459. doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2020.02.004
— Ferry T, Kolenda C, Batailler C, et al. Phage Therapy as Adjuvant to Conservative Surgery and Antibiotics to Salvage Patients With Relapsing S. aureus Prosthetic Knee Infection. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:570572. Published 2020 Nov 16. doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.570572
— Ramirez-Sanchez C, Gonzales F, Buckley M, et al. Successful Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Prosthetic Joint Infection with Bacteriophage Therapy. Viruses. 2021;13(6):1182. Published 2021 Jun 21. doi:10.3390/v13061182
— Mu A, McDonald D, Jarmusch AK, et al. Assessment of the microbiome during bacteriophage therapy in combination with systemic antibiotics to treat a case of staphylococcal device infection. Microbiome. 2021;9(1):92. Published 2021 Apr 14. doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01026-9
— Doub JB, Ng VY, Wilson E, Corsini L, Chan BK. Successful Treatment of a Recalcitrant Staphylococcus epidermidisProsthetic Knee Infection with Intraoperative Bacteriophage Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(3):231. Published 2021 Mar 8. doi:10.3390/ph14030231
— Van Nieuwenhuyse B, Galant C, Brichard B, et al. A Case of In Situ Phage Therapy against Staphylococcus aureus in a Bone Allograft Polymicrobial Biofilm Infection: Outcomes and Phage-Antibiotic Interactions. Viruses. 2021;13(10):1898. Published 2021 Sep 22. doi:10.3390/v13101898
Międzybrodzki R, Hoyle N, Zhvaniya F, Łusiak-Szelachowska M et al. Current Updates from the Long-Standing Phage Research Centers in Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
— Johri AV, Johri P, Hoyle N, Pipia L, Nadareishvili L, Nizharadze D. Case Report: Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Treated With Phage Therapy After Multiple Failed Antibiotic Treatments. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:692614. Published 2021 Jun 10. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.692614
— Schoeffel J, Wang EW, Gill D, et al. Successful Use of Salvage Bacteriophage Therapy for a Recalcitrant MRSA Knee and Hip Prosthetic Joint Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(2):177. Published 2022 Jan 31. doi:10.3390/ph15020177
— Grambow E, Junghans S, Kröger JC, Reisinger EC, Krause BJ, Groß J. Treatment of an Infected TEVAR with Extra- and Endovascular Bacteriophage Application. EJVES Vasc Forum. 2022;56:20-23. Published 2022 Feb 16. doi:10.1016/j.ejvsvf.2022.02.004

Lysine:
— Totté JEE, van Doorn MB, Pasmans SGMA. Successful Treatment of Chronic Staphylococcus aureus-Related Dermatoses with the Topicalndolysin Staphefekt SA.100: A Report of 3 Cases. Case Rep Dermatol. 2017;9(2):19-25. Published 2017 May 22. doi:10.1159/000473872
— Fowler VG Jr, Das AF, Lipka-Diamond J, et al. Exebacase for patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection and endocarditis. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(7):3750-3760. doi:10.1172/JCI136577
— Ferry T, Batailler C, Souche A, et al. Arthroscopic «Debridement and Implant Retention» With Local Administration of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) Followed by Suppressive Tedizolid as Salvage Therapy in Elderly Patients for Relapsing Multidrug-Resistant S. epidermidis Prosthetic Knee Infection. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:550853. Published 2021 May 14. doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.550853
— Moreau M, Seité S, Aguilar L, et al. Topical S. aureus – Targeting Endolysin Significantly Improves Symptoms and QoL in Individuals With Atopic Dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(12):1323-1328. doi:10.36849/jdd.6363
— Moorthy GS, Greenberg RG, Hornik CD, et al. Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Exebacase in an Infant with Disseminated Staphylococcus aureus Infection [published online ahead of print, 2021 Dec 11]. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;ciab1015. doi:10.1093/cid/ciab1015
S. agalactiae
S. haemolyticus
S. lugdunensis
S. mutans
S. pyogenes
S. mitis
— Steele A, Stacey HJ, de Soir S, Jones JD. The Safety and Efficacy of Phage Therapy for Superficial Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(11):754. Published 2020 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110754
Georgia, Poland, and Russia.  In Harper DR, Abedon ST, Burrowes BH, and McConville ML. Bacteriophages – Biology, Technology, Therapy. Springer. 2021;1-2268-2348
— Johri AV, Johri P, Hoyle N, Pipia L, Nadareishvili L, Nizharadze D. Case Report: Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Treated With Phage Therapy After Multiple Failed Antibiotic Treatments. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:692614. Published 2021 Jun 10. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.692614
Vibrio cholerae— Jaiswal A, Koley H, Ghosh A, Palit A, Sarkar B. Efficacy of cocktail phage therapy in treating Vibrio cholerae infection in rabbit model. Microbes Infect. 2013;15(2):152-156. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2012.11.002
— Yen M, Cairns LS, Camilli A. A cocktail of three virulent bacteriophages prevents Vibrio cholerae infection in animal models. Nat Commun. 2017;8:14187. Published 2017 Feb 1. doi:10.1038/ncomms14187
Yersinia pestis— Filippov AA, Sergueev KV, Nikolich MP Bacteriophages against Biothreat Bacteria: Diagnostic, Environmental and Therapeutic Applications. J Bioterr Biodef. 2013;S3:010. doi:10.4172/2157-2526.S3-010
— Xue Y, Zhai S, Wang Z, et al. The Yersinia Phage X1 Administered Orally Efficiently Protects a Murine Chronic Enteritis Model Against Yersinia enterocolitica Infection. Front Microbiol. 2020;11:351. Published 2020 Mar 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00351
— Moses S, Vagima Y, Tidhar A, et al. Characterization of Yersinia pestis Phage Lytic Activity in Human Whole Blood for the Selection of Efficient Therapeutic Phages. Viruses. 2021;13(1):89. Published 2021 Jan 11. doi:10.3390/v13010089
— Vagima Y, Gur D, Aftalion M, et al. Phage Therapy Potentiates Second-Line Antibiotic Treatment against Pneumonic Plague. Viruses. 2022;14(4):688. Published 2022 Mar 26. doi:10.3390/v14040688